Maximum City

There's an old joke in the newspaper business that the best way to turn a front page story into a paragraph on page 50 is to add the words "in India". Which is as good an argument for a blog as I can think of. Having zero marginal costs of paper and ink, I'm free to spill a few bytes over the next few days touching on what I found most remarkable in this extraordinary hotspot of globalization (and don't worry, it's not totally off topic; stick around and you'll see why).

India is a true interzone. It's an economic force that is transforming Silicon Valley, yet is one of the poorest countries in the world (about half  the GDP/capita of China and behind many African nations). Boomtown cities like Bangalore are building luxury housing as fast as they can pour the concrete, yet a third of the country can't read or write. I came because you can't understand the world today without understanding India. But I also had some specific questions, which will be the subjects of my next posts. This one is just to set the scene.

I started in Bombay (as it's generally called in English; "Mumbai", the official name, is more commonly used in Hindi) which is, I will not be the first to say, the bomb. There really is nowhere like it on the planet. Nothing with its mind-boggling density (1m people/square mile in places), its vertiginous social divisions, its baroque history and, yes, its abject poverty. This is a place where the dazzling 24/7 digital hubs of the outsourced economy stand just yards from the worst slums I've ever seen, and that's saying something. It is simultaneously exhilarating (technology, music, really interesting social change) and terrifying (roads--yikes!, disease, deprivation).

Like the emerging industrial powerhouses of east Asia (China, Korea, Taiwan), Bombay has become an obligatory stop on the travel schedule of the global CEO. Unlike the others, it still sometimes puts those CEOs in the hospital on a drip. To hear the somewhat hysterical warnings, water is practically poison: hot and cold running giardia, dysentery and hepititus B. You can't imagine how hard it is to take an entire shower with your lips tightly sealed. Everyone I know who fell victim can recall their moment of slipped vigilance: one remembered too late the washed salad; another forgot about the ice cubes. So far I'm fine. I've been careful. But I'm thinking about the single grape (unpeeled fruit!) I absent-mindedly ate off my plate last night. I couldn't concentrate on the conversation for ten minutes afterwards. 

One of the complaints I used to have as a foreign correspondent was how hard it is to find places in the world that still feel foreign. What's foreign? How about this: 2am, driving back from a state-of-the-art call center in the middle of Bombay, my driver is slaloming through rubble in a scene that would look like Fallujah but for the Brahman cows grazing in the fast lane. On the shoulder a half-naked five year old girl is squatting to pee on a huge slab of broken concrete, lit by a fire of burning garbage. The billboard behind her advertises the latest BlackBerry. India!

My guide to Bombay was Maximum City, Suketu Mehta's beautifully-written collection of stories about Bombay's dark soul, from crime bosses to bar girls. What I liked best about it is how Mehta uses these stories to explain how and why this place got so simultaneously broken and vibrant. One example: the Rent Act, which was put in place as a temporary measure to freeze rents and avoid profiteering during World War II. It has subsequently proved impossible to repeal because, naturally enough, tenants vastly outnumber landlords. Because many rents don't come close to reflecting the actual value or cost of a property, owners don't bother investing in maintaining the buildings. And so you get the defining characteristic of Bombay living: beautiful interiors in decrepit exteriors.

In just two days, I visited MTV India, a Wipro call center, the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research to see the makings of India's first astronomy satellite, three colleges, a labor activist meeting to organize call-center workers, and a series of street retail stores (to test this theory). I attended a lecture on jazz in historic Bollywood and witnessed a proper Indian wedding, which is a dancefest that would put the marching bands of Drumline to shame. I interviewed venture capitalists, consultants, industry analysts and call center workers.

I also hung out with a zillion great people, starting with my friends at Monitor, and extending to fellow editors and even bloggers. And I was taken under the wing of the incomparable Manjeet Kripalani, whose title of Business Week's India bureau chief hardly hints at her superconnected place in Bombay society. Thanks Manjeet!

Tomorrow: Bangalore.

Comments

[Gary Potter]

Sounds like sensory overload is an accurate interpretation.

[Just an Observer]

Sounds like India is at the same point the West was about 150 years ago, as it transformed from agrarian to industrial. I wonder if this is an inevitable stage in the transformation of agrarian economies?

[G]

Dear 'Just an Observer', believe me India was well ahead of any western nation (not a myth, a fact) even before 150 years. Remeber we were screwed by muslims for last 900 years and then the 150 years that you refer by the same Western folks, who were plundering our remianing (which was LOT) wealth. What you are seeing is just resurgence of our rightful place, of dignity, self-respect and progress. And dont give the crap of British made us make progress. Those mother fuckers (as well as the muslim bastards) ruled lots of other places, give me a single example of a country that has recovred from their atrocities.

[Venkat Ramanan]

Hi Chris and Hi all!
It's great to read about one's country making news in other countries, if it is for a good reason! and yes, here, Chris talks about Mumbai and has said he will speak about Bangalore. These two cities are often spoke of in the media, but there are more cities in India to witness the surge of the working class. Cities like New Delhi, Gurgaon, Chennai, Hyderabad, Pune are making waves and gartner too predicts that Hyderabad and Chennai would overtake Mumbai and Bangalore to become Tech Hubs in the near future. I invite Chris to also travel in these cities, especially Chennai (That's where i live) to see for himself the Tech jobs created and the way cities are shaping up to counter the challenges created. The very fact that British left us in a very despicable state in 1947 and the very fact that The western media speak of "Surging Economy of India" in early 2000s speaks volumes about India! Hey World, That Day is not too far!!!

[Senthil Kumar]

The only thing I hate here is, it masks all my navigation thru out this site and makes me start all over again.

[Thera Castelar]

I think the thing with India is that they are skipping right past the industrial stage, going from agrarian to post-industrial, or the information economy - whatever you want to call it. The Indian media is going crazy about a new report released by a trade group in the US saying America's brain drain will be India's brain gain as so much of its native talent goes back home. I found the report at: http://www.aeanet.org/competitiveness

[Brian Lobo]

The India that I remember is an India of shortages and long lines. No matter what it was - the bus stop, the railway station, the bank, the movie theater, the store, to pay any bill, telephone connection. You name it, there used to be long lines. Another inconvenience was the lack of public toilets or running water. However the people all had a ton of patience and good cheer.

[Stephen Freeman]

I really liked your comments here. I hope you're going to update your site soon. Lazy is feature of Profound Opponents: http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/ , Central Pair becomes Curious Slot in final right Mistery will Kill Chips without any questions , Hope Fetch Expect - that is all that Boy is capable of Industrious, Astonishing, Small nothing comparative to Big

[christmas gift ideas]

I found Maximum City a great book (I read it just before landing in Bombay!), well written and extremely intelligent.
However, I think it is having the effect of scaring (western) people about Bombay.So many people who read the book told me “I am not going to set foot in Bombay whatsoever!”
The deep humanity of the people of Bombay does not emerge from the book, or in a way it is submerged by its crazyness.
Anyway, I loved the book and I do love Bombay.

[Tungsten]

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[random facts]

The fact is that India has exploded, and their economy will eclipse the US very soon. Lots to learn from the Asian country.