John Hagel responded thoughtfully and at length to the brand post below. So if you're into the subject of the future of brands I suggest you go read it.
If you're still here, however, I'll add just two comments. First, my point
about brands becoming people rather than products or companies is
specific to long tail markets. In short tail markets, such as
traditional retail, I imagine that the usual brands will continue to
dominate for a good long time.
Second, here's a little more detail on the role of people as "branded
filters" in the long tail: There are, as it happens, three main
long tail businesses: filters, aggregators and producers.
Each of those will have its own sort of brands, but those brands are all
related in that they're increasingly about real people, rather than
abstract advertising messages, invented characters or slogans. To whit:
--Filters: Here, as I wrote in the preceding post, I think filters are the key to a working long tail market and that people make the best filters, giving such trusted tastemakers the effective power of a brand. John disagrees:
"Expert friends don't scale well. Even the most gregarious friends have a circle of a few thousand friends and, at this point, their knowledge of the needs of each friend is probably pretty superficial. And celebrities come from a different end of the spectrum. They don’t have a clue who I am as an individual customer.
I addressed the friends part in a earlier post ("Why social software makes for poor recommendations."). In short, I agree that actual friends are unlikely to be the best experts on whatever it is you're looking for. But individuals you may not know personally but nevertheless trust (because of their track record, say) often do have the best advice. And these days there's hardly a niche so narrow you can't find one or two of those with a little searching, from blogs to customer reviews. As for celebrities, it doesn't matter that they don't know you; you pick them to emulate because they represent values you admire.
--Aggregators: The best of these, such as Amazon and Google, have built their brands on the power of their filters. Yet these filters--from Google's search algorithms to Amazon's recommendations--are nothing more than the wisdom of the crowds, the statistically measured opinions of millions of, yes, people. That's why we trust them.
--Producers: Not much change here. As much as the TV networks,
music labels and movies studios have tried to build their own brands,
it's always been mostly about the individuals stars, shows and talents. Now,
in an emerging era of infinite channels where talent can find an
audiences regardless of how it's distributed, this will be even more
true.
IMO Google's recommendations are NOT based on "millions" of people. Having played around with search engine optimization for a while, I can tell you that even the most competitive search phrase can be cracked with the "recommendations" (links) of only a few thousand "people" (sites). This is why black-hat SEO works and why Google spends so much time fighting it. It's really not that hard to generate content that creates the appearance that several thousand people recommend you.
Amazon, however, has something that's much harder to spoof - actual transactions in a more narrowly defined domain (stuff that can be bought online). But even in their case they don't have the recommendations of millions for most searches (save Harry Potter buyers :). It would actually be an interesting experiment to try to make, say, a Britney Spears album be a recommendation to people who buy Goethe. I bet fewer than 100 transactions would do the trick. That said, the reverse - making Goethe a recommendation to Britney fans - would probably require many more transactions.
Posted by: Derek Scruggs | July 16, 2005 at 05:48 PM
While addressing "Why social software makes for poor recommendations" you fail to address what people want versus what people need.
It's behavioral economics; the choices people make are not always going to make them happy and there is often no rational for believing the purchase will make them happy.
In your situation the arguement you have presented is that the commodity being bartered is attention. I disagree. The commodity being bartered for is attraction. Attention is an easier arguement on account of how easy it is to measure... the moment someone closes a web page could signify the end of their attention span for that subject. It is easy to see why you would want to make attention your commodity.
Instead, the real commodity is attraction. Attraction is a very powerful human emotion that is hard to quantify and makes it a duplicitous variable. Clearly, you should make the distinction to your readers that you are using attention as a primitive way of attempting to quanitify attraction.
I will go so far as to say that attention is more duplicitous than attraction because measuring attention also means you have to control the negative effects of the chaotic process of acquiring attention.
Finally, I think there is no "safety-blanket comfort factor" involved in the Long Tail: Why is identity theft on the rise and there seems to be relatively little signs in the market place that individual consumers are concerned? People are not worried about safety and security. People are worried about making social connections; The "use case" of the Long Tail should not be to champion people as brands but rather to champion social networks as mamoth brands.
I hope the following statement doesn't overstep the discussion on this blog but:
People are more concerned with "getting laid" than avoiding death; Public speaking is a greater fear than death. More money is spent on satisfying sexual needs on the Internet than satisfying the feeling that they are secure.
The primary concern then is that social software is the only realistic mode to spread the long tail; Enterprise software and concerns for security and safety will likely be a long tail business... at least in the high-end need for safety with products from Cisco and other security specialists.
Posted by: John "Z-Bo" Zabroski | July 16, 2005 at 05:51 PM
Excuse me -- I meant to end my previous thought by saying "Enterprise software and concerns for security and safety will likely not be a long tail business."
You were outlining the three types of long tail businesses. I was presenting candidates.
Posted by: John "Z-Bo" Zabroski | July 16, 2005 at 05:57 PM
@Derek Scruggs
Perhaps not, and I see where your comments properly address the permanency of Anderson's comments... but we are progressing towards a different kind of approach to information. While Anderson's comments today may be inaccurate, I suspicion they will be accurate very soon. Search engines will soon begin to implement "social search" features (e.g., Yahoo MyWeb 2.0) that rank sites based on your existing recommendations.
In this example, you are vicariously advertising to yourself via the conduit -- Yahoo MyWeb 2.0 social searching algorithms.
To have more permanency, Anderson should redress his statement somewhat yet also allude to social searching.
Google has pioneered this idea with their "Search, don't sort" mission statement (paraphrased). It's easier to search for something than it is to sort it using an ontologically based mental hierarchy that requires re-sorting with every new mental impression (e.g., each blog as a new customer-centric brand). Social searching takes the complexity out of the final filter -- the user's mind and eyes. Take away complexity and you will have mass acceptance.
Posted by: John "Z-Bo" Zabroski | July 16, 2005 at 06:08 PM
Chris
We the undersigned agree. People will soon take their rightful place as replacements for brands.
Thanks for championing our cause. We look forward to recommending your book to our many friends and associates!
Sincerely
Betty Crocker, Walt Disney, Howard Johnson, Henry Steinway, Walter Chrysler, Henry Ford, Donald Trump, Michael Dell, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger, Georgio Armani, Coco Channel, Milton Hershey, Joseph Campbell, Dick & Mac McDonald, Sara Lee, Mrs Paul, Uncle Ben and Aunt Jemima
Posted by: T J Neville | July 17, 2005 at 12:44 PM
Does Google have good timing or what?
Personalized Search. "The results we've seen thus far it's clear that this kind of personalization could potentially make a significant improvement to search quality," reports Google. "Personalized Search produces more relevant search results based on what it learns from your search history. Early on, you may not notice a huge impact, but as you build up your search history, you'll start to notice that your search results get better and better at getting you the information you're looking for quickly and effectively."
The most impressive feature of Personalized Search is that you can take it anywhere. Google stores your search history on its servers, apparently, so that if you change computers -- i.e., work and home -- you do not have to rebuild your history of searching to see better results.
It sounds similar to the framework a9.com (amazon.com's search engine based on Google API) had awhile back, except Google is actually doing something with those search results whereas a9 was simply caching your history locally to provide for quick recalls and better search browsing.
Posted by: John "Z-Bo" Zabroski | July 19, 2005 at 02:10 PM
I find it interesting that in your post regarding the 3 long tail businesses of Filters, Aggregators, and Producers, you concluded with an example of Producers being those individual talents and personalities that make up the music and movie industries.
I think these Artists/Producers are looking at long tail markets as both the promised land and the edge of despair. It is a no-man's land to find glory or obscurity, and for the Artist/Producer they often need a lot of help to avoid obscurity. Historically, artists have relied on major studios and music labels to serve as their marketing and promotion. Essentially, a handful of industry executives have been the filters and aggregators for the short tail markets. The Artist/Producer connects to these executives and together they create a mythology around that individual. The mythology, or brand, (whether true, false, or somewhere in between) is what I, the end consumer, connect with and ultimately trust. An example would be what happened to Rosie O'Donnell who built her brand on being the just-like-you middle america mom who laments leaky diapers and ogles Tom Cruise. She then upended her own brand when she came out of the closet. Producers are not always the best brand builders, a Filter doesn't become a Filter until they have established trust (either in themselves or the producer they champion), and Aggregators seem most effective when they elevate the best filters. So in the long tail market of music and movies, it seems that most Producers will still need a type of back-office team to build their mythology and push them as individuals (basically a Filter) and some place where those filters will be aggregated to the top. It makes me think that, especially in the business of music and movies, the 3 main long tail businesses of Filters, Aggregators, and Producers will need to work together (and are currently working together on disparate, grassroots levels) to effectively build trust with the end consumers.
Posted by: Paul Moore | July 20, 2005 at 08:09 AM
First off, great post. Side comment one: I think that Malcolm Gladwell's Mavens, Connectors and Salesmen in The Tipping Point lines up pretty well with your thesis on Filters, Aggregators and Producers in understanding the mechanics of brand creation and propagation.
Side comment two: Several years back, collaborative filtering was all the rage as an algorithmic means of linking the product recommendations of liked minded individuals to one another. Amazon has certainly embraced the model by adding capabilities like "People who bought this CD, also bought this one."
One wonders, though, if this isn't the logical successor to the raw "popularity" search model ala Google's Page Rank. If consumers in the blogosphere could more easily rate the posts, books, movies and music they encounter in terms of "more like this" and "less like this," you've got the ultimate brand amplifier for Long Tail. The structure is clear, collaborative filtering has been around for a decade and you have a large enough community base for the results to be meaningful. Thoughts?
Posted by: Mark Sigal | July 22, 2005 at 11:31 AM
Mark,
One of the things that makes the collaborative filtering of Amazon (and, if you want to think of it this way, Google) work so well is that it's passive. The users just go about their business, following their interests or buying what they want, and the software follows their behvior and extracts meaning from that. It's all about what people *do*, not what they *say*. What you describe--a thumbs up/thumbs down rating applied broadly--would probably require too much work for too little return to take off.
Posted by: chris anderson | July 24, 2005 at 03:35 PM
Good point on the passive front, although I think the reality as it plays out is that you end up making a whole bunch of extra click steps to find what you were actually looking for on certain kinds of searches (e.g., where the product can be described/accessed multiple ways).
In effect, the clicks you take are the short hand for the things you'd like to say but since there is no explicit interface to do that, you end up having to follow click paths until you hit the right path for a product like head phones for the ipod where the entry point could be head phones, ipod or mp3 player.
In these cases, you pay the tax either way. Would argue that same factors at work in Google in such instances as well, although to your point, these are exceptions and not the rule.
Larger point that I was making is that to the extent large communities of people already freely write reviews, rank their favorite products and the blogging tools where that stuff lives is hardened from an API perspective, the resulting "fingerprint" can drive some pretty powerful passive algorithms.
Posted by: Mark Sigal | July 25, 2005 at 06:31 PM
@Mark Sigal and Chris Anderson
I do not see why filters are necessarily more successful if they are passive, although I do see several reasons why they are successful. If you do not mind, let us talk more about whether or not passive is really the right word to describe their behavior.
First, passive is not a very descriptive term. It has some descriptiveness and is a level above "good to great to amazing to fantastic" descriptions. However, passive can be so loosely interpreted. Passive also does not precisely define the nature of successful filters. An aggressive filter can be made rather passive with the right intuitive design. I will toss out an idea (presented as a story for aesthetics), and you tell me how much you like the sound of it and whether you would consider it a passive or aggressive filter.
The Internet supposedly doubles in size every 18 months. This expansion means there is a lot of content out there, and it should be assumed that some content falls into a very general group that cannot be simplified much further, or the simplification of which would overly obsessive classification. Example: Healthy foods to eat. You search Google for some sites that recommend healthy foods to eat. You find one website -- all the way on the second page! -- and feel or think, "Gosh, this is really an informative site." You bookmark it. Should you take the time to organize your favorite places? I would argue it's not worth your time, however presently this is how I am forced to deal with my long list of bookmarks. I suspicion this won't last because its an effective way for me to spend my time and some company [cough]Google[cough] will have the presence of mind to develop a Web Browser [cough]Why are those lights on at Google in the middle of the night?[cough] to develop a solution for me to save me time.
This is the way of computers: Save the end-user time so they have more time to create social networks. The Internet is nothing more than a network of many social networks. I offered this device to someone at Computer Associates recently and they dismissed this as semantics and unimportant. Small-talk, if you will. It is not, and at least one company understands this: Google. "Google's mission is to organize the world's information and make it universally useful and accessible." What seems to be lost on many companies is that simple (small) improvements of existing products is how most of the economy works. That is why I can understand why Chris Anderson feels the future will have a more "customer-centric" feel to it: When businesses finally wake up and realize that small improvements to the customer experience -- beyond eliciting their customers to throw money their way in the name of conspicuous consumption thanks to creative advertising -- will be an important part of doing business, they will find themselves emulating Google in many ways.
Let us evaluate Amazon's passive filtering and Google's passive filtering now. They are both clearly passive. However, the end-user bookmarking search results or recommending to a friend to buy a book is aggressive filtering. Bookmarks are also called "Favorite Places" for a reason; they are not just a way to mark off where you left off in the traditional sense of content interaction (with anything written). They are there because the user is attracted to those sites. However, at some point that attraction becomes burdensome. This fault is entirely due to ineffective technologies. Gmail is a preview to the future: file/content hierarchy should not be handled by the end-user. If the end-user wants something, they can search for it.
Mark seems to suggest that their lie a long critical path for the end user to follow before he can filter his content properly. Why? The critical path to information will in the future be as simple as "Search, don't sort." Sorting is a waste of time, a relic of the days of file cabinets and folders. The meaning of content changes over time, so putting a file in one folder today might cause you to lose sight of it in the future because the meaning of the link has changed to you over time. I cannot stress how important this is to understand.
The solution, then, is to take an aggressive filter, like bookmarking... and turn it into a passive filter... If a user likes a link, he keeps it (puts it in his favorites), if he dislikes a link, he doesn't keep it. The Web Browser of choice can then, with a search engine API, either locally search your bookmarks for content you know already exists... or alternatively use your collection of content as a collaborative filter of your "Favorite Places" to find suitable associations between your search and sites you approve.
I think it's not a question of aggressive versus passive filtering, so much as saying, "Make it as easy on the user as possible to do it;" Google proposes this idea as such: "Google's mission is to organize the world's information and make it universally useful and accessible." It's user friendly and intuitive.
Posted by: John "Z-Bo" Zabroski | July 26, 2005 at 12:45 AM
John, I think my comment is somewhat in line with what you are saying. All the better if the filtering is "smart enough" to recognize past actions, frequencies of favorite spots, amplify the good stuff, filter out the noise and the like.
If anything, Amazon's "passive" filtering has gotten way too noisy for me. Rather than operating from a thesis that says there are three different ways we can filter for you. If you only use one of them, over time we won't bombard you with the others. Instead, Amazon keeps slinging all paths because in aggregate (of the network - but not ME) people use all three paths. My advocacy is just that if you really want to empower the customer, you need to provide them a means to actively grab control of the filters when they know they want THIS and not THAT. It's an AND not an OR. Make systems smarter but don't forget that to really delight the customer enable them to self serve the truly personal touch.
Posted by: Mark Sigal | July 27, 2005 at 10:48 AM
I think that there is the fourth long tail business: tool-makers. For long tail to have niche content producers, like amateur bloggers or podcasters, they need tools which will lower the barrier-to-entry to content-producing for those niche producers.
You could say long tail might be a natural byproduct of those already-existing tools, inclduing gadgets like camera phones and mp3 recorders. But in reality, there's a good number of companies that are jumping into the business of making tools so that "we" can produce contents easily. Some examples from blogging world: Movable Type, Typepad, Blogger, Odeo (podcasting). I can't really think of other business examples just b/c I'm not too faimilar with other industries, but I'm pretty sure there is a growing number of software makers that help us make/edit video or audio contents more easily.
This segment might be limited only to long tail markets with a great number of amateurs and thus noise-makers, unlike iTunes, whose products are still all relatively high-quality. But, it seems that Pro-Am content producing revolution will only accelerate and those tool makers are going to be very important, thus great opportunities for them.
Posted by: Danny Kim | July 28, 2005 at 07:29 AM
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무자본 인터넷 평생 재택사업은 이것 뿐!
무자본 투잡(부업)으로 수백만원대의 월 안정수입을 확보할
수 있는 재택사업을 소개하겠습니다.
♣ 사업 특징.
* 누구나, 그리고 손해 볼 일 전혀 없는 사업.
* 월 안정수입은 자녀에게 상속 됨. 가족의 생계안정은 물론 풍요로운
노후 생활을 보장해주는 꿈의 이동통신 사업입니다.
* 오프라인과 인터넷으로 가능하므로, 지방에 계신 분도 사업 활동에
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* '동영상사업설명’을 시청하신 후 연락 주시면 사업성공을 위해 돕겠습니다.
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다시 한 번 사과의 말씀을 드립니다.
삭제지 비번은 1111입니다.
Posted by: 홍윤기 | October 30, 2005 at 02:51 PM
당신의 꿈을 이룰 수 있는 확실한 부업!
지금 제가 하고 있는 부업을 소개하겠습니다.
무자본 인터넷 평생 재택사업은 이것 뿐!
무자본 투잡(부업)으로 수백만원대의 월 안정수입을 확보할
수 있는 재택사업을 소개하겠습니다.
♣ 사업 특징.
* 누구나, 그리고 손해 볼 일 전혀 없는 사업.
* 월 안정수입은 자녀에게 상속 됨. 가족의 생계안정은 물론 풍요로운
노후 생활을 보장해주는 꿈의 이동통신 사업입니다.
* 오프라인과 인터넷으로 가능하므로, 지방에 계신 분도 사업 활동에
지장 없는 전국규모 사업입니다.
♣ 홈페이지: 동영상 사업설명 보러 가기 → http://2jobok.com/140631
(주의: 홈페이지 첫 화면에 이메일을 정확히 쓰셔야 로그인 할 수
있는 아이디와 비밀번호가 배달됩니다.)
* '동영상사업설명’을 시청하신 후 연락 주시면 사업성공을 위해 돕겠습니다.
♣ 자본 투자 없이 내 노력만으로 일생역전 할 수 있는 절호의 기회입니다.
* 홈페이지에 저의 성명과 연락처가 있습니다.
http://2jobok.com/140631
==============================================================
게시판의 성격에 맞지 않는 글로 인해 불편을 드렸다면 죄송합니다.
아래의 메일 주소로 게시판주소를 보내 주시면 글을 올리지 않겠습니다.
다시 한 번 사과의 말씀을 드립니다.
삭제지 비번은 1111입니다.
Posted by: 성공확신 | October 31, 2005 at 02:27 AM
LG테레콤 홍보 사원을 모집합니다. 지역은 전국다 가능하구여, 재택근무입니다. 수당은 6만원에 12만원 까지구여. 관심있으신분은 메일"[email protected]"으로 (이름, 연락처, 나이, 지역)을 보내주시면, 저희가 전화
드려서 자세히 상담해 드립니다. 많은 관심 바랍니다.
*게시판에 글을 올려 죄송합니다. 등록거부의사를 "[email protected]"
으로 보내주시면, 다시는 글을 올리지 않게씁니다, 죄송합니다.
등록거부시 번거러우시더라도 사이트주소를 꼭 적어보내주세요
삭제비번은 "2726" 입니다.
Posted by: LG텔레콤 | November 08, 2005 at 11:12 AM
http://892ting.net
http://892ting.net
http://892ting.net
성인화상채팅 15분 무료꽁자 ↑클릭
↑↑↑클릭여친. 채팅야외노출..하두리..이젠 꽁자 로 즐감하세여
삭제비번 : 3712
수신거부 : http://gamsa.ez.ro
Posted by: love | November 09, 2005 at 03:10 AM
최고의 프로그래머가 최강의 사이트로 제작한 포털링크모음 사이트입니다. 무료영화만화,무료성인자료실,연예인 섹시동영상등 유익하고 환상적인 자료가 많이 있사오니 오셔서 편리하게 인터넷 이용 하시고 즐거운시간 되시기 바랍니다.
http://kaboja.net/
http://kaboja.net/
http://kaboja.net/
********************************************************************
허락없이 글을 올려 대단히 죄송합니다.
게시판 성격에 부적합하면 삭제시 비밀 번호는 3333입니다. 게시판주소를
보내주시면 다음부터는 올리지 않겠습니다.
[email protected]
Posted by: 무료공유 | November 09, 2005 at 02:07 PM
LG테레콤 홍보 사원을 모집합니다. 지역은 전국다 가능하구여, 재택근무입니다. 수당은 6만원에 12만원 까지구여. 관심있으신분은 메일"[email protected]"으로 (이름, 연락처, 나이, 지역)을 보내주시면, 저희가 전화
드려서 자세히 상담해 드립니다. 많은 관심 바랍니다.
*게시판에 글을 올려 죄송합니다. 등록거부의사를 "[email protected]"
으로 보내주시면, 다시는 글을 올리지 않게씁니다, 죄송합니다.
등록거부시 번거러우시더라도 사이트주소를 꼭 적어보내주세요
삭제비번은 "2726" 입니다.
Posted by: LG텔레콤 | November 09, 2005 at 11:18 PM
최고의 프로그래머가 최강의 사이트로 제작한 포털링크모음 사이트입니다. 무료영화만화,무료성인자료실,연예인 섹시동영상등 유익하고 환상적인 자료가 많이 있사오니 오셔서 편리하게 인터넷 이용 하시고 즐거운시간 되시기 바랍니다^^
http://kaboja.net/
http://kaboja.net/
http://kaboja.net/
********************************************************************
허락없이 글을 올려 대단히 죄송합니다.
게시판 성격에 부적합하면 삭제시 비밀 번호는 3333입니다. 게시판주소를
보내주시면 다음부터는 올리지 않겠습니다.
[email protected]
Posted by: 전부무료 | November 11, 2005 at 10:55 AM
화상게임쇼!
이쁜여성과 몸캠하며 즐기는게임!
http://oh.ah.to/
http://oh.ah.to/
http://oh.ah.to/
다수의 이쁜여성과 자유로운 즉석 번개팅가능!
뜨거운채팅! ...매일매일...쿨하게 즐겨여^^^^
삭+제+번+호:sesii1
>
Posted by: 이정이 | November 13, 2005 at 09:30 PM
최고의 프로그래머가 최강의 사이트로 제작한 포털링크모음 사이트입니다. 무료영화만화,무료성인자료실,연예인 섹시동영상등 유익하고 환상적인 자료가 많이 있사오니 오셔서 편리하게 인터넷 이용 하시고 즐거운시간 되시기 바랍니다^^
http://kaboja.net/
http://kaboja.net/
http://kaboja.net/
********************************************************************
허락없이 글을 올려 대단히 죄송합니다.
게시판 성격에 부적합하면 삭제시 비밀 번호는 3333입니다. 게시판주소를
보내주시면 다음부터는 올리지 않겠습니다.
[email protected]
Posted by: 전부무료+ | November 14, 2005 at 11:13 AM
무료체험후 맘에 드시면 렌탈해 보세요. 제품배송시 설치비, 배송비, 출장비 모두 무료!!!
===============================================================================
웅진코웨이 렌탈 및 판매중인 상품군 : 정수기, 공기청정기, 연수기, 비데, 음식물쓰레기처리기 등.
렌탈시 혜택 : 월렌탈비만 납부하시면
필터교환, 정기점검, 청소관리, A/S, 이사시 분리 및 재설치, 출장비, 수질검사(1년1회)의
비용은 별도로 청구되지 않으며 렌탈비용에 모두 포함되어 있습니다.
===============================================================================
이렇게 허락없이 글을 남기게 되어 정말 죄송합니다. 1회성이오니 너그럽게
용서해 주시기 바랍니다. 메일로 회신 주시면 등록거부 리스트에 넣겠습니다.
(충성!-수신거부 홈페이지 주소 기재해 주세요.)
웅진코웨이 http://www.woongin.co.kr
웅진코웨이 http://www.woongin.co.kr
웅진코웨이 http://www.woongin.co.kr
구경한번 오세요. 웅진코웨이 신제품 실시간 업데이트!!!
문의전화 : 080-566-5100
Posted by: 웅진코웨이 | November 15, 2005 at 01:16 AM
nokia n series
nokia n70............$180
nokia n80..............$200
nokia n81..............$230
nokia n90...............$240
nokia n91...............$250
nokia n92................$260
nokia n93...............$300
nokia 8800.............$300
Posted by: williams | July 15, 2006 at 03:53 PM
The low cost that you might see is only a small variable when you factor in the cycles spend developing the long tail. Is it worth putting a team of highly qualified professionals to develop a long tail set in order to achieve a low CPC ?
Posted by: san | May 09, 2008 at 01:46 AM
The filters that work best for me typically earned my trust by liking some of the same things I did, then turning me on to new stuff that I liked even more. I really don't need to know anything more about these people, other than that they've got more time than me and are willing to listen to a lot of junk in search of undiscovered gems. And they, in turn, don't care much about me. When it comes to recommendations, friendship is overrrated.
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geovani
Social Marketing
Posted by: geovani | October 07, 2008 at 12:59 PM